Effectiveness of Matrix Treatment on Craving, Self-Concept, and Social Adjustment in Cannabis Users

Abstract

The present study aimed to investigate the effectiveness of Matrix treatment on craving, self-concept, and social adjustment among cannabis users. This study employed a quasi-experimental design with pre-test, post-test, control group, and a three-month follow-up phase. The statistical population consisted of cannabis users referring to Iran Psychiatric Educational and Therapeutic Center in Tehran in 2024. Participants were selected through purposive sampling, and after attrition, 24 individuals were randomly assigned into two groups including Matrix treatment and control groups. The experimental group received 24 sessions of Matrix treatment, each lasting 45 minutes, while the control group received routine clinical services only. Data collection instruments included the Substance Craving Questionnaire, Rogers’ Self-Concept Questionnaire, and Bell’s Social Adjustment Scale. Data were analyzed using repeated measures analysis of variance in SPSS-26. The results of repeated measures analysis of variance indicated significant effects of time, group, and time-by-group interaction on craving, self-concept, and social adjustment (P<0.05). Bonferroni post hoc comparisons revealed significant differences between pre-test and post-test as well as pre-test and follow-up stages in the Matrix treatment group, whereas no significant differences were observed between post-test and follow-up scores. These findings demonstrated the relative stability of Matrix treatment effects during the follow-up phase. Matrix treatment significantly reduced craving and improved self-concept and social adjustment among cannabis users. Therefore, this intervention may be considered an effective psychological treatment approach in addiction treatment settings.